Goldfoot Genealogy

Nadene Goldfoot                                   

Through genealogy provided in the Torah, and from what we have discovered today through DNA, Abraham must have had the haplotype of J1, the Cohen gene, because Moses and his brother Aaron had to have had this haplotype being almost half of present day Jews bear this haplogroup and so do many Arabs.  This goes along with Abraham's sons being Ishmael, father of the Arab line and Issac, father of the Jewish line.                                                                        
                                                                               

Abraham was from Ur, now in Iraq.  His father was Terah.  According to the Jewish calendar, it was the year of 2047 when Abraham was 99 years old and Sarah, his wife, was 89 and Ishmael by Hagar was 13 years old.  Hagar, a daughter of the Egyptian Pharaoh, had been given to Sarah when she had been abducted and taken to his palace.  The Pharaoh had said, "Better that she be a servant in their house than a princess in someone else's."   Since Sarah hadn't had any children, she gave Hagar to Abraham as a wife to bear children.  Thus, Ishmael was born.   Sarah was not completely barren, much to her surprise.    She was 90 when she bore Isaac and Abraham was 100.

However, my own father's line through testing my brother is Q1b1a, of which only 5% of present day Jews are found to  have. I"ve been pursuing our origins and why there are only so few Jews in this haplogroup.

Q's go back to central Asia 15,000 to 20,000 years ago and migrated through northern Eurasia into the Americas.  Along the way they happened to stop and take up residence in Ur, Iraq where Abraham lived.  We originated from far older lines than J1, the Cohen gene of Aaron, Moses's brother of which most Jews belong to.  J1 didn't get into the Fertile Crescent until about 10,000 to 15,000 years ago.  Did we meet up as slaves in Egypt or in Ur?  Were we part of the group of 70 of Abraham's family  that trekked to Egypt during the drought?
                                                                                                 

Go back 130,000 years.  Neanderthal man had larger eyes than homo sapiens but did not develop his brain power . I think of this man as our prototype.  Our Jewish calendar now has us in the New Year of 5776.  We had a lot of prototypes before the world started as far as Moses had figured.  Cannabalism and human sacrifice were being practiced even as Joshua and the 12 Tribes entered Canaan.  We've come a long way since then.

Neanderthal

I've used GedMatch's Ancient DNA tool and find that my brother and I  have matches in all this ancient DNA listed.  I know from the company,  23and Me,   that my Neanderthal % of DNA is 2.9%.  This program below does not give a % but lists the whereabouts that the DNA comes from and shows the chromosomes and the amount visually. Neanderthals did not live in Africa. They lived mainly in Europe.
                                                                         

Denisovan, later model of Neanderthal.  Denisovans or Denisova hominins are an extinct species of human in the genus Homo. In March 2010, scientists announced the discovery of a finger bone fragment of a juvenile female who lived about 41,000 years ago.

1.  I see through Ancient DNA on GedMatch.com, that Altlai Neanderthal from the Denisova Cave in Siberia, is approximately 50,000 years old.  A female's bone or bones had been tested there.  Q haplotypes come from Siberia, Mongolia and parts of Turkey, especially from the Altai Mountains.  They have been found to finally get to present day Iraq around Ur, where Abraham was from.  Now I wonder if Q1b1a only contains 5% of the Jews because it is the oldest haplogroup and many lines have died out.  American Indians are also Qs, and they are another branch from the oldest one. We didn't match a thing on #8, or #10, 15 or 17 but did match a little in all the other chromosomes.  Evidently they couldn't find out the haplogroup from this female who bears the mtDNA haplogroup.
                                                                       
In the Denisova Cave in Siberia, a Denisova bone of a woman was found which goes back 30,000 years that we matched at least a sliver on all chromosomes except #3, 7,15,  16, 18 and 20.  They couldn't get DNA testing for haplogroups from her, either.

2.  So are the Palaeo-Eskimo from Qeqertarsuaq, Greenland who bear Y dna of Q1a haplotype and a Mt-DNA of D2a1.  A male was tested who went back to 4,000 years, and whose line of Palaeo-Eskimos went back to 2000 BCE (4,000 years ago). We bear genes from this group as well.   An mt haplotype of D goes back 60,000 years ago in NW Asia and then sent out branches into the Americas where it is found in Native Americans.

3.  Another Q line, Q-Z780 Y haplogroup and an mt haplotype, D4h3a, came up as a Clovis-Anzick-1 in Montana, North America of a male.  He was at least 12,500 years old and these haplotypes matches living people today.  Being a Q, this is off the branch of our Native Americans of which the Jewish line of Q1b1a had branched off of long ago before they headed for North America.

4.  The Ice Age had caused humans to head south, and I find we have ancient dna from Leon, Spain, called the La Brana-Arintero of a male that goes back 7,000 years.  He had the Ydna of C-V183, which is found throughout the mainland of Asia, the South Pacific and at low frequency in native American populations.  It originated in southern Asia and spread out in all directions.  It's  found in populations of India today.

                                                       Map of J1 Haplotype from Wikipedia          

Possible time of origin 4,000-24,000 years before present (Di Giacomo 2004) Possible place of origin Western Asia Ancestor J-P209 Descendants J-M62, J-M365.1, J-L136, J-Z1828 Defining mutations M267, L255, L321, L765, L814, L827, L1030

Cohens in the first Temple  They are the descendants of Aaron, Moses's brother.  As far as we know, Moses left no descendants but was a direct descendant of Abraham.

5.. There are 10 printed pages of examples of our DNA going back to ancient DNA.  One that caught my eye  is from Ludas-Varju-dulo, Hungary of a male that went back to 1110-1270 BCE where the haplotype was J-M67, otherwise known as J1-today called the Cohen gene.  This bone's age that was found is going back a little more than 3,000 years.   This ancient DNA called BR2 matches living people.  J1  is found to be of the Cohen line-from Aaron, brother of Moses.  It arose 10,000 to 15,000 years ago in the Fertile Crescent and includes not only Jews and Arabs, but Armenians and Kurds as well.  It's found in its highest peaks in Iran and Iraq.  Iraq is the home of Ur, where Abraham lived.  It has been carried to other ports by traders into Europe, central Asia, India and Pakistan.  J2 is found all around central Asia, the Mediterranean and south into India.  While the majority of of men are not Jewish who have this haplotype, the majority of Jewish men have it as our Cohens are J1.  A man who knows he is a Cohen, a fact handed down from father or mother to son, has a responsibility in the synagogue to carry out.  He is a central figure, doing the high priest's job.  He is first to read from the Torah aloud to the attendees.

6.  They found a female in Stuttgart, Germany's cave called LBK whao had  mtDNA was T2c2 and it was 7,500 years old.  This sample matches living people today.  T is believed to have originated in Mesopotamia or Anatolia  10,000 years ago and moved northward with the spread of farming.  It's found mostly around the eastern Baltic Sea and in the Urals.  This is interesting since many Jews lived in these places lately, and were in Germany shortly after the fall of the 2nd Temple in Judah where they had traveled from Rome into France and Germany, the Rhineland as it was called then. Stuttgart is 160.7 km from Worms, Germany which was a big Jewish center, about 1 1/2 hours by car.
                                                                     
We share  ancient DNA from Siberia, Spain, Sweden, Stuttgart, Germany, , Loschbour, Luxembourg, Cambridgshire, UK, Tiszaszolos-Domahaza, Hungary, other places in Hungary, Russia, Estonia, Poland, Czech Republic, Brazil and even the Kennewick  Man  at Washington State, USA who is 8,358 years old and is a Q-M199.
                                                Neanderthal From Israel 
  The Carmel Caves are on the western slopes of Mt. Carmel, about 20 km south of Haifa.  They were first excavated in the 1920s and 30s.  Later digs took place in the 60s when they studied pollen and fossils.  They had found flint tools, animal bones and human burials in the Caves.
                                                                                   
One of the caves is the Tabun Cave or Cave of the Oven.   It was occupied half a million to some 40,000 years ago. First the occupants enjoyed a fairly warm climate shown by pollen traces found.  The melting glaciers that covered large parts of the globe caused the sea level to rise and the Mediterranean coastline to recede.   It has one of the longest sequences of human occupation in the Levant.    A cold, more humid climate prevailed when glaciers formed once more.  This caused the Mediterranean Sea level to drop some 100 m. to its present level.

The remains from the cave were of the Mousterian culture which was about from 200,000 to 45,000 years ago.  They found small flint tools made of thin flakes which were predominate here.  Many were produced by the Levallois technique where they trimmed the flint core before the desired shape of the flake is struck off.  The people's diet was of fruit, seeds, roots and leaves with meat.  The meat was from the gazelle, fallow deer, roe deer and wild boar.  Animals most likely were herded towards the cave and fell into it where they were butchered.  This cave contained the burial of a woman from 120,000 years ago.  It's one of the most ancient human skeletons found in Israel.  I wonder if they've done a dna test on her.  They have on many of the Egyptian pharaohs.

"Hershkovitz told Haaretz newspaper from Israel  that the presence of modern humans at Manot also supports the idea that Homo sapiens sapiens left Africa through the Nile valley, Sinai and what is today known as Israel, striking a blow at competing theories that see our ancestors crossing the Red Sea into contemporary Yemen or the Mediterranean at the Straits of Gibraltar." 1
read more: http://www.haaretz.com/life/archaeology/1.639350

""Neanderthals were flourishing here 50,000 to 60,000 years ago," Hershkovitz said. "Then, anatomically modern humans arrived from Africa and created a melting pot of evolution."
read more: http://www.haaretz.com/life/archaeology/1.639350."

So as the puzzle goes, "Which came first, the chicken or the egg,"  now we know that what came first to Israel was the Neanderthal and then came the Humans out of Africa. And of importance to us basically was Abraham and the Ivri (Hebrews).   In my article  about Abraham, "Abram/ Abraham was an Ivri (Hebrew) of the 2nd millennium BCE or 1948 BCE according to the Tanach who came from the East with his people and father, Terah, and settled in Ur of the Chaldees which is in today's Iraq.   That was almost 4,000 years ago or 3,963 to be more exact, which fits the Jewish calendar of this now being the year 5776.  Ur was an ancient Babylonian city.   It never said how far east he came from, but of course he and his family came much later than the first humans out of Africa.  This shows that people might have been constantly moving westward who came out of Africa.  Most likely Africa could have been northern Africa.  

Resource: Abraham's Children, race, identity, and the DNA of the Chosen People by Jon Entine
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